> faced with actually maintaining the code (and also accounting for tech debt..)

I guess they'll learn it as they come across it? "Oh Claude, my code is almost like a plate of spaghetti, how can I make it easier to add new features without breaking something else?" "Dear user, here is what technical debt and unit tests mean: ..."

Besides, all of us self-learned programmers mostly learned about those things the hard way as well, by experiencing the real drawbacks of not caring about such things until too late and stuff is already up and running with real users.