The domain is simply called Graph Drawing. There are no simple algorithm that guarantees some aesthetic outcome, but still, a lot is known in this domain.

To learn more, check out the Graph Drawing conference, or more specifically, their annual contests. Here are a few of the past contests:

* '24 https://mozart.diei.unipg.it/gdcontest/2024/results/

* '23 https://mozart.diei.unipg.it/gdcontest/2023/results/

* '22 https://mozart.diei.unipg.it/gdcontest/contest2022/results.h...

* '21 https://mozart.diei.unipg.it/gdcontest/contest2021/index.php...

* '20 https://mozart.diei.unipg.it/gdcontest/contest2020/results.h...

... and many more via the past contests history page: https://mozart.diei.unipg.it/gdcontest/history/