Cottage cheese, tofu, edamame, greek yogurt, seitan, whey isolate.
To circle back to your first assertion: tofu is also one of the most "processed" foods you can find. You go from beans to milk to cheese to solid cake, that's more processing for a single ingredient than you need to get from e.g. wheat to naan bread.
The whey isolate is also a super processed food product. I think the key is to ask "why was this processed?" Whey isolate is processed to make it easier to get quick digesting protein, Doritos are processed to make them more addictive, more shelf stable, and cheaper to produce; only one of these products will contribute to a tendency to overeat.